What is power? Is it something you take over from someone and hold for a certain amount of time before passing it on to someone else – like a refrigerator, a second-hand car, or a house?
Such a reified conception of power is only applicable under certain circumstances and even then only partially. It follows that it cannot be used as the basis for a general theory of power. The same is true of the notion that in a hierarchy the greatest power is to be found at the top, or the idea that power gained by one must result in a corresponding loss in power for others. Niklas Luhmann famously proposed a much more general theory of power, borrowing tools and methods from sociology to escape the limitations of such simplistic concepts of power and to show how greatly power structures are dependent on and change in relation to social structures and on forms of differentiation in particular.
Power in the System was written in the late 1960s but remained unpublished during the great sociologist’s lifetime. Much like his study Love: A Sketch, this text reveals the importance of the topic for Luhmann’s early work. Unlike in later versions of his theory of power, here Luhmann argues from a systems-theoretical rather than a communications-theoretical standpoint. Thus, Power in the System is also an enlightening document of systems theory in embryo.
»Theme: theory of society; duration: 30 years; costs: none« – so ran Niklas Luhman’s infamous answer at the end of the 1960s in regard to his research project. The...
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Every organisation, as stolid as it may be, experiences a certain shock when a new manager or director is about to take over. Water cooler gossip increases, every advance in knowledge is...
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The classics of sociology had regarded the sociology of religion a vital part of social theory; also, and especially, when faced with modern society, supposedly created so far removed from...
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Under the title Art as a Social System, this book offers a series of publications that serve the elaboration of a theory of society. The entire undertaking – Theory of Society...
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In this important book Niklas Luhmann - one of the leading social thinkers of the late 20th century - analyses the emergence of »love« as the basis of personal relationships in modern societies....
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